What are varicose veins (veins in the legs) of the lower extremities?

If you are over 40 years old there is a good chance you have seen them. Varicose veins are dilated veins on the surface of our foot, usually on the inner surface of the tibia, with a diameter of more than three millimeters. Normally our veins have internal valves that allow blood to flow in only one direction, from our extremities to the heart. Our extremities have two main venous systems, the superficial and the deep. The superficial veins are under the skin and are usually visible. The deep veins are close to the bones and are surrounded by muscle groups. Between the superficial and the deep venous network there is communication with the perforated veins. Muscle contraction during walking results in improved venous circulation.

Varicose veins of the lower extremities (veins in the legs) are caused by the weakening of the venous wall and the dysfunction of the venous valves. Under the influence of gravity the varicose veins continue to increase in diameter as blood accumulates in the extremities and the venous pressure increases. Broad veins are small-diameter veins, usually less than a millimeter red or blue, and are located just below the surface of the skin.

How common are varicose veins of the lower extremities (veins in the legs)

Venous diseases are among the most common diseases in developed countries, their occurrence is particularly common in North America and Europe, while their occurrence in the Far East and Africa is less common. It is estimated that venous problems occur in 33% of women and 17% of men.

What are the symptoms of varicose veins? (veins in the legs)

Varicose veins can be completely asymptomatic for many years after their appearance, in which case the treatment is done both to prevent complications and for aesthetic reasons. Over time and as they increase in size they can cause severe symptoms such as limb swelling, heaviness, itching, cramps and pain. Signs of chronic venous insufficiency include skin hyperpigmentation, thinning of the skin and hair loss. Itching is probably the most common symptom of varicose veins in men, women usually complain of a feeling of heaviness in the leg, a feeling of pressure and finally anemia.

Risk factors

Heredity

Standing up

Old age

Weightlifting

Positive history of superficial or deep vein thrombosis

Multiple pregnancies

Gender as varicose veins are much more common in women

Obesity

Lack of exercise

Prevention